C++ Tutorial

Author(s)

Juan Soulie' <jsoulie@cplusplus.com>

Subject

Tutorial that cover from basics up to object oriented programming with C++ programming language

Published: May 2002

Index

1. Structure of a C++ program
   • Comments.
2. Variables. Data types. Constants.
   • Identifiers
   • Data types.
   • Declaration of variables
   • Initialization of variables
   • Scope of variables
   • Constants: Literals.
     • Integer Numbers
     • Floating Point Numbers
     • Characters and strings
     • Defined constant (#define).
     • Declared constants. (const).
3. Operators
   • Assignation ( = )
   • Arithmetic operators ( +, -, *, /, % )
   • Compound assignation operators (+=, -=, *=, /=, %=, >>=, <<=, &=, ^=, |=)
   • Increase and decrease.
   • Relational operators ( ==, !=, >, <, >=, <= ).
   • Logic operators ( !, &&, || )
   • Conditional operator ( ? ).
   • Bitwise Operators ( &, |, ^, ~, <<, >> ).
   • Explicit type casting operators.
   • sizeof().
   • Other operators.
   • Priority of operators.
4. Communication through console.
   • Output (cout).
   • Input (cin).
5. Control Structures.
   • Conditional structure: if and else.
   • Repetitive structures or loops.
     • The while loop.
     • The do-while loop
     • The for loop
   • Bifurcation of control and jumps.
     • The break instruction.
     • The continue instruction.
     • The goto instruction.
     • The exit function.
   • The selective Structure: switch
6. Functions.
   • Function ( basics )
     • Scope of variables [re]
   • Functions with no types. The use of void.
   • Arguments passed by value and by reference.
   • Default values in arguments.
   • Overloaded functions.
   • inline functions.
   • Recursivity.
   • Prototyping functions.
7. Arrays
   • Initializing arrays.
   • Access to the values of an Array.
   • Multidimensional Arrays
   • Arrays as parameters
8. Strings of Characters.
   • Initialization of strings.
   • Assigning values to strings.
   • Converting strings to other types.
   • Functions to manipulate strings
9. Pointers.
   • Address (dereference) operator (&).
   • Reference operator (*).
   • Declaring variables of type pointer.
   • Pointers and arrays.
   • Pointer initialization.
   • Arithmetic of pointers.
   • Pointers to pointers.
   • void pointers.
   • Pointers to functions.
10. Dynamic memory.
    • Operators new and new[].
    • Operator delete.
    • Dynamic memory in ANSI-C.
      • The function malloc.
      • The function calloc.
      • The function realloc.
      • The function free.
11. Structures.
    • Data structures.
    • Pointers to structures.
    • Nesting structures.
12. User defined data types.
    • Definition of own types (typedef).
    • Unions.
    • Anonymous unions.
    • Enumerations. ( enum )
13. Classes.
    • Basics of class.
    • Constructors and destructors.
    • Overloading Constructors.
    • Pointers to classes.
    • Classes defined with keyword struct.
14. Overloading operators.
    • Basics of overload.
    • The keyword this.
    • Static members.
15. Relationships between Classes.
    • Friend functions (friend keyword).
    • Friend classes (friend).
    • Inheritance between classes.
    • What is inherited from the base class?
    • Multiple inheritance.
16. Polymorphism.
    • Pointers to base class.
    • Virtual members.
    • Abstract base classes.
17. Templates
    • Function templates.
    • Class templates.
    • Template specialization.
    • Parameter values for templates.
    • Templates and multiple-file projects.
18. Namespaces
    • Basics of namespace
    • using_namespace.
    • alias definition.
    • Namespace std.
19. Exception handling
    • Exception_handling.
    • Exceptions not caught.
    • Standard exceptions.
20. Advanced Class Type-casting
    • reinterpret_cast.
    • static_cast.
    • dynamic_cast.
    • const_cast.
    • typeid.
21. Preprocessor directives
    • #define.
    • #undef.
    • #ifdef, #ifndef, #if, #endif, #else and #elif.
    • #line.
    • #error.
    • #include.
    • #pragma.
22. Input/Output with files
    • Open a file.
    • Closing a file.
    • Text mode files.
    • Verification of state flags.
    • get and put stream pointers
    • Binary files.
    • Buffers and Synchronization.